Hearing Protection Selection Guide

Noise-induced hearing loss in the workplace is 100% preventable, which makes it extremely important for workers to wear the proper hearing protection devices. However, with so many different configurations of earmuffs, earplugs and other hearing protection devices, it can be difficult to select the appropriate style of hearing protection. This guide will provide some factors to consider when choosing protection options for you or your employees.

Determine Noise Level and Environment

According to CSA Standard Z94.2-14, workers require hearing protection when the average noise level during an eight-hour work shift exceeds 85 dBA. To determine the extent to which noise levels affect the work environment, a noise assessment is required. This not only allows for the proper hearing protection to be determined based on the environment, but also prevents the risk of overprotection that can lead to other issues, such as loss of communication and lack of situational awareness. Other environmental factors to consider include temperature and humidity, as well as cleanliness levels that could make inserting foam earplugs with clean fingers a challenge.

Selection Methods and Classifications

According to CSA Standards Z94.2-14 and Z1007-16, the appropriate hearing protection device shall be chosen based on attenuation and noise exposure levels using one of the following four methods:

The use of classes that pre-assign each HPD (hearing protection device) to defined attenuation ranges
The use of a single number like NRR (noise reduction rating) or SNR (signal-to-noise ratio)
The use of a field attenuation estimating system (FAES) fit testing method
The use of the octave-band method, which estimates the sound level at the ear using the frequency content of noise.

Individual Worker Considerations

Once environmental factors are determined and a selection process has been chosen, the final step is to consider the individual worker. When it comes to hearing protection, there is no one-size-fits-all option and the following factors should be taken into account when determining the necessary device.

Training

Employees should be trained on a regular basis to ensure they understand how noise exposure affects their health and how to properly select, wear and care for their HPDs.

Comfort

It’s important not to underestimate the value of comfort in selecting hearing protection, as it is more likely for a worker to wear a comfortable HPD correctly in noisy environments.

Existing Hearing Loss

Workers with existing hearing loss must also be considered. Ensuring that they are provided with the proper HPD to preserve their hearing and work comfortably is important.

Mobility Limitations

Choosing the proper devices for certain workers who might have difficulty rolling down earplugs or using the proper insertion technique due to mobility issues is similarly critical.

Personal Preference

Limiting hearing protection to one option will not address the needs of all workers. Having several options to choose from will promote comfort and compatibility for each individual.

Communication in Noise

Finding the perfect balance between hearing protection and the ability to communicate is made easier by built-in microphones and other technology built in to certain HPDs.

Fit Testing

Measuring the amount of protection each individual worker receives from their hearing protection device is sometimes difficult. Fit test equipment can help ensure a proper fit.